In 2010, a federal judge shook America’s b

题型:单项选择题

问题:

In 2010, a federal judge shook America’s biotech industry to its core. Companies had won patents for isolated DNA for decades—by 2005 some 20% of human genes were parented. But in March 2010 a judge ruled that genes were unpatentable. Executives were violently agitated. The Biotechnology Industry Organisation (BIO), a trade group, assured members that this was just a "preliminary step" in a longer battle.

On July 29th they were relieved, at least temporarily. A federal appeals court overturned the prior decision, ruling that Myriad Genetics could indeed holb patents to two genes that help forecast a woman’s risk of breast cancer. The chief executive of Myriad, a company in Utah, said the ruling was a blessing to firms and patients alike.

But as companies continue their attempts at personalised medicine, the courts will remain rather busy. The Myriad case itself is probably not over Critics make three main arguments against gene patents: a gene is a product of nature, so it may not be patented; gene patents suppress innovation rather than reward it; and patents’ monopolies restrict access to genetic tests such as Myriad’s. A growing number seem to agree. Last year a federal task-force urged reform for patents related to genetic tests. In October the Department of Justice filed a brief in the Myriad case, arguing that an isolated DNA molecule "is no less a product of nature.., than are cotton fibres that have been separated from cotton seeds. "

Despite the appeals court’s decision, big questions remain unanswered. For example, it is unclear whether the sequencing of a whole genome violates the patents of individual genes within it. The case may yet reach the Supreme Court.

As the industry advances, however, other suits may have an even greater impact. Companies are unlikely to file many more patents for human DNA molecules I most are already patented or in the public domain. Firms are now studying how genes interact, looking for correlations that might be used to determine the causes of disease or predict a drug’s efficacy, companies are eager to win patents for ’connecting the dits’, explains Hans Sauer, a lawyer for the BIO.

Their success may be determined by a suit related to this issue, brought by the Mayo Clinic, which the Supreme Court will hear in its next term. The BIO recently held a convention which included seddions to coach lawyers on the shifting landscape for patents. Each meeting was packed.

By saying "Each meeting was packed" (Line 3, Para. 6) the author means that()

A. the supreme court was authoritative

B. the BIO was a powerful organization

C. gene patenting was a great concern

D. lawyers were keen to attend conventions

考点:普通考研中医综合中医综合
题型:单项选择题

社会主义市场经济是法治经济,因此,在市场经济中人们的经济行为可以不受道德规范。

题型:单项选择题

纵然有一百个理由为职业“光环”褪色而辩解,更有一万个理由要求这个职业不能踩踏底线。弃守底线,不管是搬出为了生存的经济理由,还是将良知的缺失归咎为体制的束缚,将一切推责给外在的环境,都是对职业伦理的戕害。这段文字意在说明()。

A.体制的束缚是职业伦理受损的主因

B. 体制伦理受损一般源自职业“光环”的褪色

C. 任何时候都不能突破职业道德底线

D.弃守底线者总会替自己找借口

题型:单项选择题
如图为理想变压器原线圈所接交流电压的波形.原、副线圈匝数比n1:n2=10:1,串联在原线圈电路中电流表的示数为1A,下列说法正确的是(  )

A.变压器输出端所接电压表的示数为20V

B.变压器的输出功率为200W

C.变压器输出端的交流电的频率为50Hz

D.穿过变压器铁芯的磁通量变化率的最大值为20/n2Wb/s

题型:单项选择题

论述硼酸盐和硅酸盐玻璃结构的桥氧对其结构和性能的影响。

题型:单项选择题

自助设备每()个工作日(离行式每周)至少要进行一次清机、加钞,核对该会计周期业务。根据钞箱余额情况、客户错账投诉等业务需要可在日终随时清机。

A.1

B.3

C.5

D.7

更多题库