We are all interested in equality，but while some people try to protect the school and examination system in the name of equality，others，st
ill in the name of equality，want only to destroy it．
Any society which is interested in equality of opportunity and standards of achievement must regularly test its pupils．The standards may be changed—no examination is perfect--but to have no external(外部的)tests or examinations would mean the end of equality and of standards．There are groups of people who oppose this view and who do not believe either in external examinations or in any contr schools or on teachers.This would mean that everything would depend on luck every pupll would depend on the efficiency(效率)，the ideal and the purpose of teacher．
Without external examinations， employers will 1ook for employees from highly respected schools and from families known to them--a form of favoritism will replace equality．At the moment，the bright child from an ill—respected schoo1 can show certificates(证书)to prove he or she is suitable for a job，while the lack of a certificate shows the unsuitability of a dull child attanding a well—respected schoo1.This defence of excellence and opportunity would disappear if external examinations were taken away，and the bright child from a poor family would be a prisoner of his or her school’s fame(名誉)，unable to compete for employment with the child from the favored schoo1．
The opponents(对手)of the examination system suggest that examinations are an evil force because they show differences between pupils．According to these people，there must be no special，different，academic class． They have even suggested that there should be no form of difference in sport or any other area：all jobs or posts should be filled by unsystematic selection．The selection would be made by people who themselves are probably selected by some computer．
小题1: The word “favoritism” in paragraph 3 is used to decribe the phenomenon that _____.
A．bright children also need certificates to get satisfying jobs.
B．Pooor children with certificates are favored in job markets.
C．Children attending ordinary schools achieve great success.
D．children from well-respected schools tend to have good jobs.小题2:What would happen if examinations were taken away according to the author?
A．Children’s job opportunity would be affected by their school reputation.
B．Schools for bright children would lose their reputation
C．There would be more opportunities and excellence.
D．Children from poor families would be able to change their schools.小题3: The opponents of the examination sys
tem will agree that _____.
A．Computers should be selected to take over many jobs.
B．Special classed are necessary to keep the school standards.
C．Jobs should not be assigned by systematic selection.
D．Schools with academic subjects should be abolished.小题4: The passage mainly focuses on ____.
A. schools and certificates B opportunity and employment
C. examinations and equality D. standards and reputation
