Addiction1. The word "addiction" is often

问题：

Addiction

1. The word "addiction" is often used loosely or ironically in informal conversation. People will refer to themselves as "mystery book addicts", "fashion addicts" or "cookie addicts". Yet nobody really believes that reading mysteries, being crazy about fashion or eating cookie is serious enough to be compared with addiction to heroin, drug or alcohol. The word "addiction" is here used jokingly to denote a tendency to thoroughly or over indulge in some pleasurable activities.
2. Some people often refer to being "hooked on TV". Does this, too, fall into the lighthearted category of cookie eating and other pleasures that people pursue with unusual intensity, or is there a kind of television viewing that falls into the more serious category of destructive addiction, like of drug or alcohol The answer is obvious.
3. When we think about addiction to drugs or alcohol, we frequently focus on negative aspects, ignoring the pleasures that accompany drinking or drug-taking. And yet the essence of any serious addiction is a pursuit of pleasure, a search for a "high" substance that is dismaying, the dependence of the organism upon a certain experience and an increasing inability to function normally without it. Thus a person will take two or three drinks at the end of the day not merely for the pleasure drinking provides, but also because he "doesn’t feel normal" without them.
4. An addict does not merely pursue a pleasurable experience and need to experience it in order to function normally. He needs to repeat it again and again. Certain thing about that particular experience makes his life without it less than complete. Other potentially pleasurable experiences are no longer possible for him, for under the magic spell of the addictive experience, his life is peculiarly distorted, and he is deprived of other possible pleasures. The addict intensely desires an experience and yet he is never really or fully satisfied. The organism may be temporarily sated or satisfied, but soon it begins to desire severely again.
5. Finally a serious addiction is distinguished from a harmless pursuit of pleasure by its distinctly destructive elements and consequences. A heroin addict, for instance, leads a damaged life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from rational thinking, from capable working, from maintaining relationships normally, from developing in human ways. Similarly an alcoholic’s life is ruined too—it is narrowed down, cut short and dehumanized by his incurable dependence on alcohol.
A. Classification of TV addiction question
B. Functions of the harmless pursuit of pleasure
C. Essence of serious addictions
D. Development of the addict’s organism
E. Destructive features of serious addictios
F. Importance of addictive experiences for addicts
G. Informal usage of the word "addiction"

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