19世纪末20世纪初,X射线、放射性和电子的发现,否定了原子是物质的始原、原子不可分

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问题:

19世纪末20世纪初,X射线、放射性和电子的发现,否定了原子是物质的始原、原子不可分、元素不可变等传统思想。一些自然科学家由于不懂得辩证法,认为‚原子非物质化了,物质消失了。马赫主义者抓住这一点以论证唯心主义,宣称‚物质消失了,就是‚物质本身不存在了,只存在感性知觉,物质是,荒谬的虚构设。材料中所体现的在物质观上自然科学发现同哲学的关系是什么?上述材料说明形而上学唯物主义者在物质观上虽然坚持了物质的第一性和本原性,但这种物质观不懂得共性与个性的关系,把物质同物质的结构、属性混淆起来,经不住科学发展的检验和唯心主义的进攻。物理学家的新发现,并不能说明物质本身消失了,只能说明随着科学的发展,人们对物质的认识在发展,被驳倒的不是唯物主义,而恰恰是形而上学物质观。辩证唯物主义正确地揭示了哲学的物质范畴和自然科学物质结构理论之间的关系。从两者区别来看,哲学的物质范畴揭示的是一切物质的共性,即客观实在性;而自然科学物质结构理论揭示的是关于某一具体物质形态的组成和结构、特点,是个性。从两者联系来看,一方面,哲学的物质范畴要以物质结构理论为依据;另一方面,哲学的物质范畴能给物质结构理论的研究以世界观和方法论的指导,推动和深化对物质结构理论的认识和研究。

考点:马克思主义哲学原著马克思主义哲学原著题库
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单项选择。

             they sheep?[ ]

A. Am    

B. Is    

C. Are

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My father _______ TV in the living room when I ______ home yesterday.

A.watched; got

B.was watching; got

C.watched; was getting

D.was watching; was getting

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病毒性脑炎引起弥漫性大脑病变,主要临床表现有___________________,___________________,___________________和___________________。

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阅读理解。

     Would you like to be a king or queen? To have people waiting on you hand and foot? Many

Americans experience this royal treatment every day. How? By being customers. The American

idea of customer service is to make each customer the center of attention. Need proof? Just listen

to the commercials. Most of them sound like the McDonald's ad, "We do it all for you." Actually,

not all stores in America roll out the red carpet for their customers. But wherever you go, good

customer service means making customers feel special.

     People going shopping in America can expect to be treated with respect from the very beginning.

Most places don't have a "furniture street" or a "computer road" which allow you to compare prices

easily. Instead, people often "let their fingers do the walking" through the store hot lines. From the first

"hello", customers receive a satisfying response to their questions. This initial contact can help them

decide where to shop.

     When customers get to the store, they are treated as honored guests. Customers don't usually find

store clerks sitting around watching TV or playing cards. Instead, the clerks greet them warmly and

offer to help them find what they want. In most stores, the clear signs that label each department make

shopping an easy job. Customers usually don't have to ask how much items cost, since prices are clearly

marked. And unless they're at a flea market or a yard sale, they don't bother trying to bargain.

     When customers are ready to check out, they find the nearest and shortest checkout lane. But as

Murphy's Law would have it, whichever lane they get in, all the other lanes will move faster. Good stores

open new checkout lanes when the lanes get too long. Some even offer express lanes for customers with

10 items or less. After they pay for their purchases, customers receive a smile and a warm "thank you"

from the clerk. Many stores even allow customers to take their shopping carts out to the parking lot.

That way, they don't have to carry heavy bags out to the car.

1. By quoting (引用) the McDonald's ad, "We do it all for you", the author intends to ________.

A. suggest that customers believe what commercials say deeply

B. show readers the American idea on good customer service

C. express all the stores pay much attention to the customers

D. persuade readers to choose the stores with ads correctly

2. In the USA, what may you do at first if you want to do some shopping?

A. To visit a professional street with lots of similar stores.

B. To compare prices in many shops in the same street.

C. To make phone calls and get better shopping choices.

D. To receive other customers' answers to the questions.

3. Which of the followings shows American stores offer convenience to customers in this passage?

A. The store clerks don't usually sit around watching TV or playing cards.

B. Some stores offer price bargain to the customers like a yard sale.

C. The clerks give customers a smile and a warm "thank you" after paying.

D. Some stores open new checkout lanes when the lanes are crowded.

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以下关于在撰写海事报告时应注意的事项,表述正确的是()。

A.格式与内容要严格按照当地主管机关的规定

B.对于事实经过,写的越多、描述的越详尽越好

C.对事故的具体情节如回忆不起来,可以依靠推论

D.对可能有争议的地方,在报告中一定要表明自己的观点和态度

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