Jan Hendrik Schon’s success seemed too goo

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问题:

Jan Hendrik Schon’s success seemed too good to be true, and it was. In only four years as a physicist at Bell Laboratories, Schon, 32, had co-authored 90 scientific papers—one every 16 days—detailing new discoveries in superconductivity, lasers, nanotechnology and quantum physics. This output astonished his colleagues, and made them suspicious. When one co-worker noticed that the same table of data appeared in two separate papers—which also happened to appear in the two most prestigious scientific journals in the world, Science and Nature—the jig was up. In October 2002, a Bell Labs investigation found that Schon had falsified and fabricated data. His career as a scientist was finished. Scientific scandals, which are as old as science itself, tend to follow similar patterns of presumption and due reward.

In recent years, of course, the pressure on scientists to publish in the top journals has increased, making the journals much more crucial to career success. The questions are whether Nature and Science have become too powerful as arbiters of what science reaches to the public, and whether the journals are up to their task as gatekeepers.

Each scientific specialty has its own set of journals. Physicists have Physical Review Letters, neuroscientists have Neuron, and so forth. Science and Nature, though, are the only two major journals that cover the gamut of scientific disciplines, from meteorology and zoology to quantum physics and chemistry. As a result, journalists look to them each week for the cream of the crop of new science papers. And scientists look to the journals in part to reach journalists. Why do they care Competition for grants has gotten so fierce that scientists have sought popular renown to gain an edge over their rivals. Publication in specialized journals will win the acclaims from academics and satisfy the publish-or-perish imperative, but Science and Nature come with the added bonus of potentially getting your paper written up in The New York Times and other publications.

Scientists tend to pay more attention to the big two than to other journals. When more scientists know about a particular paper, they’re more apt to cite it in their own papers. Being oft-cited will increase a scientist’s "Impact Factor", a measure of how often papers are cited by peers. Funding agencies use the "Impact Factor" as a rough measure of the influence of scientists they’re considering supporting.

According to the passage, what makes Science and Nature powerful().

A. They cover the best researches on a variety of subjects.

B. They publish controversial papers that others won’t.

C. They prefer papers on highly specialized research.

D. They have a special system of peer-review.

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潜伏期延长是指()

A.总产程超过24小时

B.宫口开大3cm至宫口开全超过8小时者

C.总产程不超过3小时

D.宫口开全后初产妇超过2小时

E.从临产至宫口开大3cm,超过16小时者

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算法的有穷性是指( )。

A.算法程序的运行时间是有限的

B.算法程序所处理的数据量是有限的

C.算法程序的长度是有限的

D.算法只能被有限的用户使用

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患儿男性,5岁,因“呕吐2天,嗳腐吞酸”来诊。患儿呕吐酸水,精神烦躁,口苦咽干,易怒易啼,舌质红、苔黄腻,脉弦数。

患儿中医证候诊断是()

A.外感呕吐

B.肝气犯胃呕吐

C.胃热呕吐

D.肝火犯胃呕吐

E.惊骇吐证

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小针刀疗法

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什么叫计量定级升级?

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