一、注意事项  1.申论考试,与传统作文考试不同,是对分析驾驭材料的能力、解决问题能

题型:问答题

问题:

一、注意事项  1.申论考试,与传统作文考试不同,是对分析驾驭材料的能力、解决问题能力、语言表达能力的测试。  2.作答参考时限:阅读材料40分钟,作答110分钟。  3.仔细阅读给定的资料,按照后面提出的“申论要求”依次作答。   二、给定资料  陕西农民牟某,在广东打工其间,因为没有携带身份证,被当地收容所收容,在转运途中,由于中巴起火,牟某和同车的其他24名被收容者被活活烧死。  据民政部消息,近一两年在全国700多个收容遣送站,每年有一百多万人被遣返回原籍。其中几十万人的收容地是广东,其次是北京、上海。在不少地方政府看来,收容遣送是一种有效的、必要的社会治安手段。  2000年2月14日,这一天在东莞厚街打工的四川民工赵某在大街上被当地治安队送去收容所,两天后老乡花200元钱把他领出。  在大城市拥有常住户口的人们,想像不到他们的生活状态,没有违法的人走在大街上却会被“抓走”,关到条件极差的收容遣送站,依据各地制定的有关管理办法被收容,“留站待遣时间”最长竟可达 6个月,甚至无限期被迫关进收容站的人还要支付自己被收容遣送的食宿费、路费。  凌晨一点,一位打工者在自己租住的房屋里,被突然闯进来的穿制服的人带到了当地派出所,原因是他没有暂住证。直到早上八点,许多和他一起被抓进来的人被亲朋好友用钱保了出去。这位打工者因没人保而被送到遣送站,后又被遣送回原籍。南方几个省的被统一送到浙江金华,在金华每人出50元可以自保,别人保100元,没钱保的继续关。  在武汉打工的四川农民杨某按规定办了暂住证,9月24日晚因为没有随身携带身份证、暂住证被当地治安人员带走,当晚被送到遣送站。第二天,其子杨小军带着其父的暂住证去领人,被告知必须交 100元钱,后来拿到的发票上写着:收容遣送费85元,查询费12元,医疗费3元。按当地物价局的收费标准,收容遣送费每天每人最多只能收17元,而杨天利只被关了一个晚上,为什么要交85元呢武汉市民政局后来的解释是工作人员“忙中出错”,按5天收取了费用。至于有暂住证为何还要收费,民政局的说法是因为杨小军当时没有出示暂住证。  “收费是万恶之源”,民政部有关同志异口同声。“多数地方变着法多收费,怎么才能多收费,多收人才能多收费,这不乱了吗”目前《广东省收容遣送管理规定(草案)》已提交广东省人大常委会审议。草案规定取消一切收容费用,并对收容遣送中的违法行为追究刑事责任,国家民政部门对此表示支持。  收容遣送是民政、公安部门对符合条件的人员予以收容并遣送回原户口所在地的一种行政强制措施。我国从1951年开始实施收容遣送制度,其目的是改造、转化、安置国民党的散兵游勇、社会无业游民等。60年代的主要任务是救济灾民,80年代开始,流动人口剧增,1982年国务院发布《城市流浪乞讨人员收容遣送办法》,工作重点转为维护城市社会秩序和安定团结。1991年国务院48号文件将收容对象扩大到无合法证件、无固定住所、无稳定经济来源的三无人员。而执行中,三无往往变成身份证、暂住证、务工证,缺一不可。更有甚者查证时当场撕了暂住证,把人抓去收容。  民政部有关人士认为,问题出在大量超范围收容上,据估计真正属于救助对象的不到15%,大部分是外地打工者,某些人不问青红皂白,只要打工农民少一个证,就收容,结果收容站变成第二看守所。  专家指出:收容遣送限制了公民的人身自由,违反了宪法的基本精神。同时也不符合联合国《公民权利和政治权力国际公约》,我国已于1998年10月5日签署了该公约,其中第9条规定“除非依照法律规定的根据和程序任何人不得被剥夺自由”。  2001年8月27日《中国青年报》披露,长期在广州从事装修工作的25岁的广西农民张某,仅仅因为没有随身携带暂住证,被街道民警留置,走上了一条不归路。从离奇死亡到火化,再没有见到一张熟悉的面孔出现在身边。对此,收容站竟称:“我们对张某的死没有责任。”  2001年9月14日《燕赵都市报》报道:去年12月北京警方解救了十余名被强迫卖淫的“小姐”,令人吃惊的是这些“小姐”多是未成年人,其中最小的仅13岁。更令人难以置信的是,这些未成年人居然都是被人从外地某收容遣送站“采购”来的。据了解,强迫未成年人卖淫的主犯苗长顺从该收容遣送站领到8名女遣送人员,工作人员李某、周某两次分别得到200元和400元的好处费。另外,有的不法分子靠从该遣送站绑架人质勒索赎金迅速“脱贫致富”。  结婚证、外出务工证和暂住证俱全的湖南少妇苏某,在广州火车站被巡警强行推上了一辆后厢封闭的警车,送进一家收容性质的精神病医院,投进关有数十名男人的屋子,遭众多暴徒轮 * * 。后来苏某的丈夫来了,要将其带走,但需交2000元才能放人,经过讨价还价,并私下塞给有关人员200元“红包”,放人的费用才降为500元。  青年农民郑某在沪务工期间,因无暂住证、务工证被收容遣送,但在遣送时无端失踪。为寻子下落,讨回一个公道,年迈的父亲四处奔走,几番诉讼,终于换来上海遣送站的寥寥歉语及10万元赔偿金私了。

用不超过350字的篇幅,提出解决给定问题的方法。要有条理地说明,要体现针对性和可行性。

考点:地方公务员公务员申论申论143
题型:问答题

需后下的药是()。

A.阿胶

B.砂仁

C.西红花

D.雷丸

E.车前子

题型:问答题

分鱼前展示菜肴,一种是()展示,另一种是()展示。

A、端托、餐车

B、端托、餐桌

C、服务车、餐桌

D、分菜台、餐桌

题型:问答题

溶剂油在聚合中起何作用?

题型:问答题

鸟类卵子的细胞核和细胞质都位于()中。

题型:问答题

Those of us hurrying to finish our taxes by tomorrow’s deadline will probably be subjected to thoughts of the I.R.S. (Internal Revenue Service) as an all-powerful bully. But the truth is, the government is not always a match for the tax advisors of wealthy people, so a lot of taxes will go unpaid at the top of the income scale.

Lawyers who represent high-income taxpayers earn more than 10 times what senior government lawyers do—an obvious disadvantage for the government agencies in attracting and retaining top talent. The lawyers who write our tax rules are overworked and sometimes inexperienced, so that they leave loopholes that are exploited by more experienced private lawyers. And the government always loses cases which it should win, and provides private lawyers with precedents.

As this vicious cycle shows, skimping (节约) on tax administration is a false economy. Instead, if we substantially increase government salaries and staffing levels, we can raise more revenue, with lower tax rates and less waste. Four reforms should be adopted immediately.

First, the government should focus on hiring talented young lawyers, since the pay disparity with the private sector is narrower for them. These efforts will be more effective if Congress helps new graduates repay student loans, which often are more than $100,000. A loan repayment program would be a powerful recruiting device.

Second, the government should tap another promising talent pool—recent retirees from private practice—to mentor young lawyers. The salary gap is less of an issue for retirees, and the opportunity to give back to the tax system can be quite appealing.

Third, the government should retain a small team of a dozen top tax lawyers at salaries closer to the market rate. They can serve as a rapid reaction force, deciding whether to shut down a new aggressive strategy immediately or to let it be evaluated through usual government channels.

Fourth, the government should retain private lawyers to help with high-priority projects. An important constraint is that lawyers who represent private clients may view it as a conflict to help the government. But this is not always true.

Through bar associations, private lawyers already volunteer to review proposed changes in the tax law and offer ways to improve them. Tax academics can also be a valuable and conflict-free source of expertise, since they ordinarily do not represent clients. And some tax litigators (诉讼律师) may view it as a prestigious opportunity and a patriotic service to represent the government in a tax case that could set an important precedent.

The tax system can be only as p as the people who run it, so the government has to recruit and retain the most promising talent. A tax system can be fair and efficient only when it is administered soundly.

The underlined word" disparity" (Line 1, Paragraph 4) most probably means ()

A. equity

B. gap

C. quantity

D. accord

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