阅读理解。
A team from Krakow, in Poland, used functional magnetic resonance imaging (机能性核共振成像)
(FMRI) to assess brain activity when 40 volunteers were shown various images. Men showed activity in
areas which dealt with what action they should take in order to avoid or face up to danger. But the study
found more activity in the emotional centers of women's brains. The researchers, from another university,
carried out scans on 21 men and 19 women. Brain activity was monitored while the volunteers were shown
images of objects and images from ordinary life designed to remind different emotional states.
The images were displayed in two runs. For the first run, only negative pictures were shown. For the
second run, only positive pictures were shown.
While viewing the negative images, women showed stronger and broader activity in the left thalamus (神
经床). This is an area which passes sense information to the pain-pleasure centers of the brain. Men showed
more activity in an area of the brain called the left insula (脑岛), which plays a key role in controlling natural
functions, including breath, heart rate and digestion. Generally, activity in this area tells the body to either run
away from danger, or meet it head on the so-called "fight or flight response".
While viewing positive images, women showed stronger activity in an area of the brain associated with
memory. With men, the stronger activity was recorded in an area associated with visual processing.
Dr. Urbanik believes these differences suggest women may analyze positive stimuli (刺激) in a broader social
context and associate positive images with a particular memory. For instance, viewing a picture of a smiling
child might remind memorjes of a woman's own child at this age. On the contrary, male responses tend to be
less emotional.
1. The research shows that men response differently to _____ compared with women. [ ]
A. different images
B. ordinary life
C. different activities
D. medical scan
2. According to the passage, when faced with danger, _____. [ ]
A. women react more slowly than men
B. women usually try to avoid it
C. men usually have no reaction
D. men react to it more directly
3. What is discussed in the 4th paragraph? [ ]
A. Men and women's different memories
B. The different responses to the children
C. Different reactions to positive stimuli
D. Negative results of the visual processing
4. The passage mainly develops _____. [ ]
A. by inferring
B. by comparing
C. by listing examples
D. by giving explanations