（）和设计是软件项目风险的主要来源。

某年某月某日，某市某化塑制品厂发生火灾，整个厂房被烧毁，造成直接经济损失达127.6万元。
当日8时上班后，工人孙某在该化塑制品厂压球车间门口西侧用电焊焊接压模。焊接现场的周围除一条3m宽的通道外，堆满了袋装成品浮球及废料，还有数个装丙酮、乙烷的铁桶。8时20分左右，拌料员谷某要在孙某作业处西侧约1.5m左右的地方，从铁桶中抽取丙酮，即告诉孙某要先停止电焊，孙某同意后便离开作业处。谷某用塑料管从铁桶向塑料桶中抽取丙酮，由于操作不当将丙酮洒在水泥地面上，谷某没有采取任何措施就离开了现场。孙某回到作业处，没有检查也没有采取任何防护便继续电焊。在焊接约3cm长的一段接缝时，电焊溅起的火花将洒在地上的丙酮点燃，孙某见起火，用正在焊接的方模去压地上的火苗，但火苗仍然四溅。孙某与另一名工人先后取来3只灭火器，均未启动成功。火借风势迅速蔓延，整个厂区被大火吞噬。直到11时，大火才被扑灭。
事故发生后，该市人民检察院受理了此案，这起火灾事故是由于违章堆放危险品，遇明火而引起的，谷某等4人对此负有责任。经现场勘察和调查认定，谷某、孙某在生产过程中，违反规章制度，导致发生特大火灾，造成集体财产遭受严重损失，他们的行为触犯了《中华人民共和国刑法》第114条的规定，构成重大责任事故罪。厂领导孙某和厂长刘某身为企业管理人员，不认真履行职责，对厂内事故隐患熟视无睹，对工人的违章作业放任自流，以致由于操作工人在事故隐患区域作业而发生特大火灾，他们的行为触犯了《中华人民共和国刑法》第187条的规定，构成玩忽职守罪。
根据以上场景，回答下列问题(1～3题为单选题，4～8题为多选题，请将正确选项代码填写到题干括号内)

扑救B类火灾应选用( )灭火器。

A．干粉

B．水型

C．卤代烷

D．二氧化碳型

E．泡沫

在数轴上画出表示下列各数的点，并按由大到小的顺序“＞”连接起来． ﹣3，4，﹣1，﹣1.5，2，0，﹣2．

研究发现，烯烃在合适催化剂作用下可双键断裂，两端基团重新组合为新的烯烃，若CH₂==C(CH₃)CH₂CH₃与CH₂==CHCH₂CH₃的混合物发生该类反应，则新生成的烯烃中一定共平面的碳原子数可能为(    )

A．2，3，4

B．3，4，5

C．4，5，6

D．5，6，7

一般的加密体制可分为两种：单钥加密体制和（）加密体制。

阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和 D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

Book 1 : Brack Obama

Grades: 3-5

Our Price: $ 8.95

His mother came from Kansas. His father came from Kenya. He grew up in Hawaii and Indonesia, far from the center of American politics. Few people had even heard of Brack Obama before 2004. Bt one powerful speech in Boston changed all that for the Illinois senator(参议员). In 2008, this inspiring leader ran for the country’s top job, President.

Book 2: Danica Patrick

Grades:  3-5

Our Price: $ 8.95

Growing up, Danica Patrick dreamed of racing in the Indianapolis 500. In 2005, her dream came true. Danica finished the race in fourth place, the best ever result by a woman. Three years later, she became the first female to win an IndyCar race. As a woman competing in a sport dominated by men, Danica faced many obstacles. But she never stopped believing in herself, no matter what the difficulties.

Book 3: Ellen Ochoa

Grades: 3-5

Our Price: $ 8.95

Some people dream of becoming stars. Ellen Ochoa dreamed of living among them! She worked hard to make her dream of becoming an astronaut come true. On April 8, 1993, she strapped (用带子系好)herself in for the ride of her life aboard the space shuttle Discovery. Ochoa aimed high and boldly went where no Hispanic woman had gone before. Find out about Ochoa’s amazing journey in her own words and photos from her personal collection!

Book 4: LeBron James

Grades:  3-5

Our Price: $ 8.95

Fans, teammates, and opponents know him as King James. Many people consider LeBron James to be the most talented basketball Player of his generation. But there is much more to his story. He overcame hard times as a kid and rose to national fame as a teenager. He then jumped right from high school to the pros.  Along the way, LeBron never lost sight of where he came from or who he is.

小题1:.

What do the four books have in common according to the passage?

A．Their prices are the same and they are all about famous leaders.

B．They are all about Africans and their contributions to society.

C．They are written for the same grades and their prices are the same.

D．They are for the same readers and printed by the same publisher.小题2:.

Emma is dreaming of being a car racer. Who can be an example to her?

A．Brack Obama

B． Danica Patrick

C．Ellen Ochoa

D．LeBron James小题3:.

If John wants to learn something about becoming a basketball player, which book should he read?

A．Brack Obama

B． Danica Patrick

C．Ellen Ochoa

D．LeBron James小题4:.

Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?

A．Obama was popular with most of the people in America before he ran for president.

B．In 2005, Danica Patrick became the first woman to win an IndyCar race.

C．Ochoa is the first Hispanic woman to have gone aboard the space shuttle Discovery for the ride.

D．LeBron James is the most talented basketball player.