阅读理解。
First aid is emergency care for a victim of sudden illness or injury until more skillful medical treatment
is available. First aid may save a life or improve certain important signs including pulse, temperature, an
unobstructed (未堵塞的) airway and breathing. In minor emergencies, first aid may prevent a victim's
condition from worsening and provide relief from pain. First aid must be done as quickly as possible. In
the case of the badly injured, a few minutes car make the difference between complete recovery and loss
of life.
First-aid measures depend upon a victim's needs and the provider's level of knowledge and skill.
Knowing what not to do in an emergency is as important as knowing what to do. Improperly moving a person with a neck injury,for example,can lead to lifelong disabilify.
Despite the variety of possible injuries, several suggestions should be followed if first aid applies to all
emergencies. The first step is to call for professional medical help. The victim, if sensible, should be
reassured that medical aid has been requested, and asked for permission to provide any first aid. Next,
assess (评估) the scene, asking other people or the injured person's family or friends about details of the
injury or illness, any care that may have already been given, and preexisting conditions such as high blood
pressure and heart trouble. The victim's medical card should be checked that describes special medical
conditions. Unless the accident scene becomes unsafe or the victim may suffer further injury, do not move
the victim.
First aid requires rapid assessment of victims to determine whether life-threatening conditions exist.
One method to assess a victim's condition is known as the ABC, which stands for:
A-Airway: ls it open and unobstructed?
B-Breathing: Is the person breathing? Look, listen, and feel for breathing.
C-Circulation (循环) : Is there a pulse? Is the person bleeding badly? Check skin color and
temperature for additional indications of circulation problems.
1. It is very important in first aid to___.
A. move the injured person from the scene of accident immediately
B. spend a few minutes making the difference between recovery and death
C. know what to do and what not to do according to the condition of the victim
D. make it clear what illness the victim has had
2. Which of the following practices is NOT right in the first aid?
A. Checking whether the victim is breathing.
B. Checking whether the victim is bleeding.
C. Telephoning a hospital at once.
D. Waiting for medical treatment before giving first aid.
3. The underlined word"indications"in the last paragraph means _____.
A. injures
B. signs
C. instruments
D. treatments
4. This passage mainly tells us _______.
A. basic knowledge about how to give first aid
B. the history and skills of first aid
C. some knowledge to help anyone who may be injured in an accident
D. that first aid is dangerous to those who do not know how to do it