2009年秋季以来,我国西南地区降雨少、气温高、蒸发大、墒情差,遭受了百年不遇的

题型:综合

问题:

2009年秋季以来,我国西南地区降雨少、气温高、蒸发大、墒情差,遭受了百年不遇的严重旱灾。阅读下列材料,回答问题(26分)。

【材料一】四种地貌图(图2)

【材料二】 气象干旱卫星监测图(图1)

【材料三】 据统计,1951年至1990年的30年中,我国共发生干旱300次,洪涝236次。年平均干旱受灾面积为2085.1万公顷,洪涝受灾面积842.5万公顷。(1平方千米=100公顷)

【材料四】1950-1991年间我国西北、东北、华北、西南、长江中下游、华南等六个区域干旱季节分布及其对农业的影响(图3)。

(1)2009年入秋以来,旱灾最为严重的省份是           。重旱灾区中分布较普遍的地貌是图2中的

      (填选项),其成因是         作用(6分)。

(2)在下列选项中与西南干旱影响有关的包括:a、棉花价格   b、烟草价格   c、广东的电力供应  d、珠江口的咸潮  e、石油产量 (2分)  

A、a、b、c、d、e     B、b、c、d       C、a、e          D、a、c、e 

(3)造成本次西南大旱的相关因素有(4分)

A、全球气候变暖    B、西南季风较弱    C、喀斯特地貌    D、冷空气较强   

(4)阅读有关资料看出,我国发生旱涝灾害概况是         。(5分)

(5)全国旱灾最多发的区域是         ,旱情多发季节是    ;因干旱对全国粮食市场影响最大的两个区域是            ;旱灾造成的粮食减产在西北、东北、华北和西南地区都占到本区气象灾害造成粮食减产的一半以上,表明以上四个区域影响农业生产的最主要的变化因素是          。(5分)

(6)请列举一些缓解西南干旱的应急措施。(4分)

考点:中国三大自然区的区域差异及区域内部差异
题型:综合

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