阅读理解。
I've been writing for most of my life. The book Writing Without Teachers introduced me to one
distinction (区别) and one practice that has helped my writing processes tremendously. The distinction
is between the creative mind and the critical mind. While you need to employ both to get to a finished
result, they cannot work in parallel no matter how much we might like to think so.
Trying to criticize writing on the fly is possibly the single greatest barrier to writing that most of us
encounter. If you are listening to that 5th grade English teacher correct your grammar while you are
trying to capture a fleeting (稍纵即逝的) thought, the thought will die. If you capture the fleeting
thought and simply share it with the world in raw form, no one is likely to understand. You must learn
to create first and then criticize if you want to make writing the tool for thinking that it is.
The practice that can help you past your learned bad habits of trying to edit as you write is what
Elbow calls "free writing." In free writing, the objective is to get words down on paper non-stop, usually
for 15-20 minutes. No stopping, no going back, no criticizing. The goal is to get the words flowing. As
the words begin to flow, the ideas will come from the shadows and let themselves be captured on your
notepad or your screen.
Now you have raw materials that you can begin to work with using the critical mind that you've
persuaded to sit on the side and watch quietly. Most likely, you will believe that this will take more time
than you actually have and you will end up staring blankly at the pages as the deadline draws near.
Instead of staring at a blank start filling it with words no matter how bad. Halfway through your
available time, stop and rework your raw writing into something closer to finished product. Move back
and forth until you run out of time and the final result will most likely be far better than your current
practices.
1. When the author says the creative mind and the critical mind "cannot work in parallel" in the
writing process, he means .
A. one cannot use them at the same time
B. they cannot be regarded as equally important
C. they are in constant conflict with each other
D. no one can be both creative and critical
2. What prevents people from writing on is .
A. putting their ideas in raw form
B. ignoring grammatical soundness
C. attempting to edit as they write
D. trying to capture fleeting thoughts
3. What is the chief objective of the first stage of writing?
A. To organize one's thoughts logically.
B. To get one's ideas down.
C. To choose an appropriate topic.
D. To collect raw materials.
4.One common concern of writers about "free writing" is that .
A. it overstresses the role of the creative mind
B. it does not help them to think clearly
C. it may bring about too much criticism
D. it takes too much time to edit afterwards
5. In what way does the critical mind help the writer in the writing process?
A. It allows him to sit on the side and observe.
B. It helps him to come up with new ideas.
C. It saves the writing time available to him.
D. It improves his writing into better shape.