患者,男性,35岁。与朋友聚餐后突发上腹部剧烈疼痛,后转为右下腹并伴有固定压痛点,临

题型:单项选择题 案例分析题

问题:

患者,男性,35岁。与朋友聚餐后突发上腹部剧烈疼痛,后转为右下腹并伴有固定压痛点,临床诊断为"急性阑尾炎",准备手术治疗。

手术后24小时内,最常见的并发症是()。

A.切口感染

B.切口裂开

C.腹腔内出血

D.盆腔脓肿

E.门静脉炎

考点:护理学(医学高级)医学高级押题密卷护理学特训密卷七(副高)
题型:单项选择题 案例分析题

在基金信息公开披露前,基金托管人不得向他人泄露有关信息。()

题型:单项选择题 案例分析题

(二)(13分)

维护食品安全,应向美日学习“连坐制”

郑风田

“中国制造”的一个怪现象是,出口到国外的食品,安全度要比国内高出一截,虽然美国、日本等国对来自中国的食品设置的标准,比国内标准更高,但中国的农民与企业还是都达标了。为什么离产地更近的中国消费者却难以享受到更安全的食品呢?

  双汇瘦肉精曝光后,大批记者赶赴双汇总部漯河,但当地政府却要求酒店报告记者行踪。地方政府为保本地税收,往往习惯于成为问题企业的保护伞,这恐怕是我国重大食品安全事件屡发的主要原因之一。所以不妨学习一下美日的“连坐制”。

  山东青岛,当地有不少将水产品出口到美国的企业,这些企业都按美国要求,采用HACCP(被认为是控制食品安全和风味品质的最好最有效的一种管理体系)认证。如果有企业作假怎么办?政府部门讲“没人敢”,原因是美国人实行“连坐制” ——FDA(美国食品和药物管理局的简称)会不定期突然派人抽检,一旦发现作假,则当地被判为不可信任地区,所有同行业企业都被列入不信任名单,生产的产品美国都不要了。

  山东菜区有不少出口日本的蔬菜生产基地,当年一个农民偷用剧毒农药,结果在日本海关被抽检出来,导致涉事公司所有出口日本的蔬菜都被拒,当地所有农民的菜都卖不出去了。

在如此严厉的连坐制度下,没有企业敢轻易作假,也没有渔户敢轻易使用违禁药品。平时大家相互监督——熟人社会相互监督效果比单纯依靠政府监管效果好很多,交流经验——不是交流作假的经验,而是学习怎么做才能达到标准要求。当地监管部门也特别尽力,不但平时认真抽检,还会对农民进行提高生产质量的培训。

每次食品安全出问题,总有监管部门以我国有2亿多小农户、几十万个小作坊、抽检率太低等借口来搪塞。但困局并非无解,我国也完全可以试试美国、日本的连坐式监管制度。这种连坐式的监管虽然“残忍”,但针对目前我国食品供应乱局,只能采取阵痛式的监督方式。只有痛了,才能让地方政府真正尽力尽责,才能彻底解决我国食品安全问题。

(选自《东方早报》2011年4月1日,有删改)

小题1:.本文阐述的主要观点是什么?(3分)

小题2:.从文中所写的事例看,实行“食品安全连坐制”有哪些好处?请简要概括。(3分)

小题3:.有同学认为山东的事例写了两个内容(一个关于水产品,一个关于蔬菜),这样没有必要,建议删去一个。你认为呢?为什么?(3分)

小题4:.若在“食品安全连坐制”下,蒙牛的三聚氰胺事件对企业自身及该区域乳品行业将会造成怎样的影响和后果?请结合以下资料回答。(4分)

资料链接:

2008年,我国内地爆出了“毒奶粉事件”,涉及的企业众多,其中包括知名品牌蒙牛。国家质检总局在蒙牛几个批次的奶粉和液态奶中验出三聚氰胺(一种为提高蛋白含量而添加的化工原料,对人体有害)。事发后,内蒙古蒙牛乳业有限公司公布处理方案:“对含有‘三聚氰胺’的这几个批次产品,坚决进行下架、封存和销毁。在原奶采集、生产环节进行最严格的检测与食品安全管理。”

(根据有关材料编写)

题型:单项选择题 案例分析题
BEIJING changed the office hours of many institutions starting April 12 in the hope of reducing traffic jams during rush hour.
The new policy asked 800,000 employees to replace their former working schedule of 8:30 am to 5:30 pm with the new working hours of 9 am to 6 pm.
This is just one part of the Beijing municipal government’s plan to fight traffic jams. Starting April 1, daytime parking fees in 13 downtown areas were raised to encourage less driving. On April 2, the government announced limitations launched after the Beijing Olympics would be extended until April 2012. These ban Beijing’s 5.8 million drivers from driving one workday each week. The ban is based on the last number of the car license plate.
A multi-billion yuan fund has also been set up to build more underground ring roads in heavily populated areas. Major roads above ground will also be expanded.
According to Beijing’s traffic authorities, key projects include repairing major ring roads and expanding the subway network. The city will also create more taxi stops and bike rental stations, probably under the hundreds of overpasses (天桥) citywide.
Beijing’s fight against traffic jams is a smaller example of what is happening all around China. The central government is now supporting new ideas that will change the future of Chinese roads.
Bus rapid transit (BRT,快速公交系统) is one such idea. Special bus lanes carry almost as many passengers as a subway system. They cost less and are becoming popular in many big cities. Now Beijing has five BRT lines
Shanghai is dealing with traffic problems by charging higher fees for license plates(牌照). The city is also controlling the total number of plates sold. Now, it is considering a plan to charge cars for entering the central business district, as London does.
Meanwhile, there are signs that Chinese are more aware of the serious problem of traffic. For example, there has been a sharp increase in the number of posts looking for carpooling (拼车) partners on major websites.
By the end of March, 2010, China had 192 million cars, according to the Ministry of Public Security.
小题1: The article is mainly about___________.
A.the fight against traffic jams all around the world
B.the increase of daytime parking fees in 13 downtown areas in Beijing
C.the Beijing municipal government’s measures to reduce traffic jams
D.news ideas that are likely to change the future of Chinese roads
小题2: According to the new policy, workday office hours in Beijing will be___________.
A.from 8:00 am to 5:00 pmB.from 9 am to 6 pm
C.from 8:30 am to 5:30 pmD.from 7:30 am to 4: 30 pm
小题3: The plans made by the Beijing municipal government to fight traffic jams include all the following except ____________
A.adjustments to office hours B.increases in daytime parking fees
C.the extension of the limitations launched after the Beijing Olympics
D.charging higher fees for license plates
小题4: The article tells us that____________.
A.the BRT system will become common China’s rural areas
B.the Chinese government is aiming at changing the future of Chinese roads
C.the Shanghai government has charged cars for entering the central business district
D.here are enough ways to deal with traffic jams in Beijing
题型:单项选择题 案例分析题

以下注意事项中错误的一项是:

A.针尖必须平齐
B.叩刺时针尖必须垂直而下
C.循经叩刺时,每隔1厘米左右刺一下
D.叩刺局部皮肤不要有出血,以防皮肤感染
E.局部叩刺后根据需要,可加拔火罐

题型:单项选择题 案例分析题

在工程项目建设的初步设计阶段,需要确定()。

A.投资估算

B.概算造价

C.预算造价

D.修正概算造价

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