阅读下文,回答问题(15分) 生活如椅子 梭罗说过这样几句话:我的屋子里有三张凳

题型:阅读理解与欣赏

问题:

阅读下文,回答问题(15分)

生活如椅子

梭罗说过这样几句话:我的屋子里有三张凳子,独坐时用一张,交友时用两张,社交时用三张。

“人只有一个半朋友”,一个肝胆相照的,半个能为朋友牺牲自己利益的。所以交友只需两张凳子,一张给朋友,一张给自己。社交需要三张椅子,留一张自己坐,一张给增长的知识,一张给促膝而谈的乐趣。如果还有其它的椅子,就显得多余了。有四张,想凑一个麻将桌或牌桌;如果是五张,其中一张必是“名”正襟危坐的座位,“利”也大摇大摆地走进来,跻身其间,旁若无人地坐下,跷起二郎腿。对过着纯粹的内心生活的梭罗来说,这是无法忍受的。他是一个从社会结构中分离出来的原子,五张椅子会让他回到他原有的生活状态。三张椅子——梭罗的需要,就那么简单。

有趣的是,我的目光穿过历史,又在居里夫人的客厅里看到一张简单的餐桌和两把简朴的椅子。居里的父亲曾经要送他们一套豪华的家具,他们拒绝了,原因很简单:有了沙发和软椅,就需要人去打扫,在这方面花费时间未免太可惜了。为了不让闲谈的客人坐下来,他们没有添置第三把椅子。

居里夫人说:“我在生活中,永远是追求安静的工作和简单的家庭生活。”两张椅子,让他们有了事业上携手共进的伴侣;没有多余的椅子,使他们远离了人事的侵扰和盛名的渲染,终于攀上科学的顶峰,阅尽另一种瑰丽的人生景观。

梭罗纯粹,居里夫人高尚,在生命的质量上都是常人无可企及的。他们都没有多余的椅子。

淡泊以明志,宁静以致远。生活中,我们要学会简化,比如减掉多余的椅子,不让“身外之物”有落座的机会。椅子以舒适为标准,过于豪华,就变成一种装潢了,结果不是人坐椅子,而是椅子成为盘踞你生活的一种累赘了。

生活如椅子,删繁就简,撤掉多余的部分,你的生活就简朴、简洁、简练,而且丰富深邃了。坐上庸俗和卑劣,就坐不下伟大和崇高;坐上虚伪和暴戾,纯真和善良就无处坐落;坐上自私和冷酷,爱心和热情就无法容纳……有了多余的椅子你就回想到与之协调的华丽房子,想到许多人苦心钻营的位子,想到那轻飘飘而又沉甸甸的票子……于是你忙忙碌碌,心情也沉甸甸的,没有了坐下来的轻松和欢乐。

泰戈尔说,翅膀下挂着沉甸甸的金钱是飞不高远的。同样,有了多余的椅子,你不但不能飞翔,连静坐沉思的乐趣也消失了。

有时候我们的生活简单得只需一把椅子,供心灵坐坐。

小题1:下面关于文章内容的理解,正确的一项是(   )(3分)

A.作者在本文中阐述的观点是:“生活如椅子,删繁就简,撤掉多余的部分,你的生活就简朴、简洁、简练,而且丰富深邃了”。

B.文章开头即表明作者的观点,然后引用名人事例进行阐述。

C.文章中所提到的椅子都是指实物。

D.全文共选了梭罗、居里夫人和泰戈尔三位名人的事例来证明作者的观点。小题2:你认为文中“多余的椅子”指的是什么?(3分)

小题3:文中所说的“梭罗纯粹”、“居里夫人高尚”具体表现在哪里?请从文中找出相关句子或用自己的语言来概括。(4分)

小题4:你是否同意作者的观点?试联系实际谈谈你的看法。(5分)

考点:议论文阅读
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A.手绘

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C.摄影

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A.直接解除支气管平滑肌痉挛

B.增强支气管扩张剂的疗效

C.增强呼吸中枢对C0的敏感性

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A.甲状腺摄131Ⅰ率:3小时70%,24小时60%;T3抑制试验:3小时50%,24小时45%
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Americans plan parties for many reasons. As in other cultures, many Americans attend parties for weddings and religious or national holidays. But some parties are especially American. For example, a group of neighbors may gather on their street to eat food, play music and visit with one another. This is called a block party. A woman might invite a group of women to a party called a baby shower for a friend who is about to give birth. Guests bring presents for the new baby.

Americans also attend tailgate parties. A tailgate is the back end of a truck or other vehicle that opens down. The tailgate parties are a big part of sports culture in the United States. Friends bring food and drink to a sports event. They eat together in the parking area of the sports stadium.

Birthday parties are also very popular. Many parents organize a party for their child around a theme. Birthday parties usually include gifts and a birthday cake with candles. In many parts of the United States, cupcakes have become a popular replacement for cakes.

Birthday parties can be low cost or very costly. Some parents take their children’s birthday parties very seriously, even when the child is too young to fully understand the celebration.

One group of parents started a website called Birthdays Without Pressure. They decided that some parents were under too much social pressure to plan costly parties for their children. The group sees this movement as an example of America’s culture of “too much stuff”. The group’s website gives suggestions on how to keep birthday celebrations simple, meaningful and fun without spending a lot of money. Their advice may be very helpful during this period of economic recession(萧条).

小题1:What can be the best title for the passage?

A.Reasons for parties

B.Birthdays without pressure

C.American parties

D.Different parties in the world小题2:How many kinds of parties does the passage mention?

A.5.

B.6.

C.7.

D.8.小题3:Eating together in the parking area of the sports stadium belongs to _________parties.

A.block

B.baby shower

C.sports

D.tailgate小题4:The purpose of Birthdays Without Pressure is to advise people to _________.

A.relieve people’s pressure

B.have meaningful birthday parties with low cost

C.make birthday parties meaningful and costly

D.spread America’s culture小题5:Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

A.Block party is especially American.

B.Some parties in America are the same as in other countries.

C.There’s a party for the mother before her new baby is born.

D.Birthday parties are the most popular in America.

题型:阅读理解与欣赏

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