直肠癌直接蔓延环绕肠管一周约需() A.6个月 B.6~9个月 C.12~24个 D

题型:单项选择题

问题:

直肠癌直接蔓延环绕肠管一周约需()

A.6个月

B.6~9个月

C.12~24个

D.24~30个月

E.36个月

考点:中医肛肠(医学高级)中医肛肠(医学高级)题库
题型:单项选择题

阅读下面的文字,完成下列各题。

绘画(有删节)

林语堂

当反对琐细工匠手法的变革到来之时,出现了王维。他本人也是第一流的山水画家。他把中国诗歌的精神与技巧引入其中,有印象主义、抒情性、气韵的强调以及泛神论。这样看来,这位使中国绘画人享盛誉的“南宗之祖”,是受了中国诗歌的熏陶的。

  这种绘画世称“士夫画”,又称“文人画”。到了11世纪,由于苏东坡、米芾及其儿子米友仁等宋代学者的影响,这种绘画变得更为简朴,主观性更为强烈。

  中国的画家们遗留下了卷帙浩瀚、内容深奥的艺术批评论著。他们将“形”(物体的物理形状)、“理”(内部的法则或精神)和“意”(艺术家本人的观念)区别开来。“士夫画”就是对被动的写真手法的反抗。这种手法,古往今来例证俯拾皆是。宋代学者尤重于“理”,即事物的内部精神。

  单纯追求细节精确的绘画是商业画家们之所为,而真正称得上是艺术的绘画应该致力于表现精神。

  然而,这种绘画不是专业艺术家所作,而是文人学士之所为,这一点很有深刻含义。正是这种业余性质,使他们能够用一种轻松愉快的精神去作画。

  作画是文人学士们娱乐消遣的手段,一如书法与绘画的作用。他们没有沉重的精神负担,似乎文人学士们的书法已经很有造诣,还有更多的精力可以用到其他艺术上去,以之为一种快乐而有趣的调剂。二者所使用的工具完全相同:同样的立轴,同样的笔墨,同样的清水,一切都置于案头,也不需要什么调色板。米芾这个士夫画的大家之一,有时甚至以一卷纸来代替画笔,或用甘蔗渣和莲梗代替。

  当灵感和腕底的魔力到来之际,对艺术家来说,没有什么东西是不可以使用的。因为他们已经掌握了传达基本韵律的艺术,其余都在其次。今天甚至有用裸露的手指和灵活的舌尖作画,蘸上墨汁涂于纸上的。绘画过去是,现在仍然是文人学士的消遣。

  这种游戏的情绪可以用来解释中国绘画的某些特征,这种特征称为“逸”,此词最贴近的英译为“fugitivenelss ”,即“即兴”、“漂泊”等意,但同时也要有“浪漫主义”和“退隐精神”等意。李白的诗篇也正是因这种轻松愉快的浪漫主义特性著称的。这种“逸”的特质被誉为士夫画的最高标准,它来自游戏精神。如同道学一般,它也是人类为逃避喧闹尘世、获得心灵自由而作出的一种努力。

如果我们意识到文人学士的精神是如何被限制在道德与政治的框架内的,我们就可以容易地理解他们的这种愿望了。士大夫们至少在绘画上是尽了自己最大的努力去恢复他们的自由的。                                        

小题1:下列各项表述中,符合文意的一项是(3分)                      (   )

A.受中国诗歌的熏陶,王维把诗歌的精神与技巧引入绘画之中,成为享有盛誉的“南宗之祖”。

B.苏东坡、米芾等宋代学者绘画更为简朴,主观性更为强烈,成为中国“士夫画”的开创者。

C.对艺术家来说,灵感到来时,什么东西都可以作画,米芾甚至以卷纸或甘蔗渣、莲梗代替画笔。

D.文人学士为突破道德与政治限制,获得心灵自由的游戏精神,使他们的绘画具备某种道学特征。小题2:从文中看,“士夫画”有哪些特征?请分条归纳。(6分)

小题3:作者认为形成“士夫画”艺术特征的原因有哪些?(6分)

题型:单项选择题

Some years ago, writing in my diary used to be a usual activity. I would return from school and   小题1: (spend) the expected half hour recording the day’s events, feelings, and impressions in my little blue diary. I did not really need to express my emotions by way of words, but I gained a certain satisfaction from seeing my experiences forever   小题2:  (record) on paper. After all, isn’t accumulating memories a way of preserving the past?

  When I was thirteen years old, I went on a long journey on foot in a great valley,   小题3:  (well-equip) with pens, a diary, and a camera. During the trip, I was busy recording every incident, name and place I came across. I felt proud to be spending my time   小题4:  (productive), dutifully preserving for future generations a detailed description of my travels. On my last night there, I wandered out of my tent, diary in hand. The sky was clear and lit by the glare of the moon, and the walls of the valley looked threatening behind their screen of shadows. I automatically took out my pen….

  At that point, I understood that nothing I   小题5: (write) could ever match or replace the few seconds I allowed myself to experience the dramatic beauty of the valley. All I remembered of the previous few days were the dull characterizations I   小题6:  (set) down in my diary.

  Now, I only write in my diary when I need to write down a special thought or feeling. I still love to record ideas and quotations that strike me in books, or observations that are particularly meaningful. I take pictures, but not very often—only of objects   小题7:  I find really beautiful. I’m no longer blindly satisfied with having something to remember when I grow old. I realize that life will simply pass me by if I stay behind the camera, busy   小题8:  (preserve) the present so as to live it in the future.

I don’t want to wake up one day and have nothing but a pile of pictures and notes. Maybe I won’t have as many exact representations of people and places; maybe I’ll forget certain facts, but at least the experiences will always remain inside me. I don’t live to make memories—I just live, and the memories form themselves.

题型:单项选择题

We often think of the days ___we spent together on the island.

A.when

B.which

C.in which

D.during which

题型:单项选择题

关于卫生技术评估的内容,下列哪个是错误的()

A.卫生技术的功效评价

B.卫生技术的安全性评价

C.卫生技术的经济性评价

D.卫生技术的社会影响评价

E.卫生技术的原理评价

题型:单项选择题

下列关于数据库故障的叙述中,哪一个是不正确的

A.事务故障可能使数据库处于不一致状态

B.事务故障可能由两种错误产生:逻辑错误和系统错误

C.系统故障时一般主存储器内容会完好,而外存储器内容丢失

D.磁盘故障指的是磁盘上内容的丢失

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