阅读理解。
For years we have been told that encouraging a child's self-respect in important to his or her success in
life. But child experts are now learning that too much praise can lead to the opposite effect, praise-aholic kids
who expect it at every turn may become teens who seek the same kind of approval from their friends when
asked if they want to go in the backseat of the car.
The implication (含义) of saying "You are the prettiest girl in class," or talking about the goals she scored
but not her overall effort, is that you love her only when she looks the best, scores the highest, achieves the
most. And this carries over to the classroom.
Social psychologist Carol Dweck, PhD, tested the effects of overpraise on 400 fifth graders while she was
at Columbia University. She found that kids praised for "trying hard" did better on tests and were more likely
to take on difficult assignments than those praised for being "smart".
"Praising attributes (品质) or abilities makes a false promise that success will come to you because you
have that quality, and it devalues effort, so children are afraid to take on challenges," says Dweck, now at
Stanford University. "They figure they'd better quit while they're ahead."
1. The underlined words "Praise -aholic kids" refer to kids who are _____.
A. tired of being praised
B. worthy of being praised
C. very proud of being praised
D. extremely fond of being praised
2. The author quoted (引用) Dr. Dweck's words in the last paragraph in order to make the article _____.
A. better-known
B. better-organized
C. more persuasive
D. more interesting
3. We can infer from the passage that _____.
A. praise for efforts should be more encouraged
B. praise for results works better than praise for efforts
C. praising a child's achievements benefits his or her success in life
D. praising a child's abilities him or her to take on challenges