阅读理解。
A new study suggests that the roundtheclock(24小时的)availability that cell phones
have brought to people's lives may be taking_a_toll_on family life.The study,which followed
more than 1,300 adults over 2 years, found that those who consistently used a mobile phone
throughout the study period were more likely to report negative "spillover" between work and
home life-and,in turn,less satisfaction with their family life.
Spillover essentially(本质上)means that the line between work and home begins to become
unclear.Work life may invade home life when a parent is taking jobrelated calls at home,for
instance-or family issues may start to take up work time.For example,a child may call mum at
work,telling her "microwave exploded",explained Noelle Chesley,an assistant professor of
sociology at the University of WisconsinMilwaukee and the author of the study. The problem
with cell phones seems to be that they are allowing for even more spillover between work and
home.
This may be especially true for working women,the study found. Among men,consistent use
of mobile phones seemed to allow more work issues to creep (潜入)into family time.But for
women,the spillover tended to go in both directions. Being "connected" meant that work cut into
home time,and family issues came into work life.
Cell phones seem to be opening more lines for stressful exchanges among family members.
But there may be ways to control the spillover,according to Chesley.Employers, she said,could
look at their policies on contacting employees after hours to make sure their expectations are
"reasonable"．For their part,employees could decide that cell phones go off during family time,
Chesley said.
1．What does the underlined phrase "taking a toll on" probably mean in Paragraph 1
A．Explaining.
B．Founding.
C. Damaging.
D．Extending
2．According to Chesley,what is the best solution to the problem caused by cell phones?
A．Refuse to use cell phones.
B. Separate work hours from family time.
C. Ignore coming calls during family time.
D. Encourage women to stay at home.
3．We can learn from the passage that ________.
A．cell phones make the line between work and home unclear
B．cell phones seem to be convenient to families
C．cell phones affect men as much as women
D．we can do nothing to solve the problem
4．What is the main idea of the passage?
A．How to control the negative spillover caused by cell phones.
B. Cell phones cause negative "spillover" between work life and home life.
C. Consistent use of cell phones makes people feel less satisfied with their work.
D. How work life invades home life.