阅读理解。
Children start out as natural scientists, eager to look into the world around them. Helping them enjoy
science can be easy; there's no need for a lot of scientific terms or expensive lab equipment. You only
have to share your children's curiosity (好奇). Firstly, listen to their questions. I once visited a classroom
of seven-year-olds to talk about science as a job. The children asked me"textbook questions "about schooling,
salary (薪水) and whether I liked my job. When I finished answering, we sat facing one another in silence.
Finally I said, "Now that we're finished with your lists, do you have questions of your own about science?"
After a long pause, a boy raised his hand, "Have you ever seen a grasshopper (蚱蜢) eat? When I try
eating leaves like that, I get a stomachache. Why?"
This began a set of questions that lasted nearly two hours.
Secondly, give them time to think. Studies over the past 30 years have shown that, after asking a question,
adults typically wait only one second or less for an answer, no time for a child to think. When adults increase
their "wait time" to three seconds or more, children give more logical (符合逻辑的), complete and creative
answers.
Thirdly, watch your language. Once you have a child involved m a science discussion, don't jump in with
"That's right" or "Very good". These words work well when it comes to encouraging good behavior (行为).
But in talking about science, quick praise can signal that discussion is over. Instead, keep things going by
saying "That's interesting" or "I'd never thought of it that way before", or coming up with more questions or
ideas.
Never push a child to "Think". It doesn't make sense, children are always thinking, without your telling
them to. What's more, this can turn a conversation into a performance. The child will try to find the answer
you want, in as few words as possible, so that he will be a smaller target (目标) for your disagreement.
Lastly, show; don't tell. Real-life impressions of nature are far more impressive than any lesson children
can learn from a book or a television program. Let children look at their fingertips through a magnifying glass
(放大镜), and they'll understand why you want them to wash before dinner. Rather than saying that water
evaporates (蒸发), set a pot of water to boil and let them watch the water level drop.
1. According to the passage, children are natural scientists, and to raise their interest, the most important thing
for adults to do is ____.
A. to let them see the world around
B. to share the children's curiosity
C. to explain difficult phrases about science
D. to supply the children with lab equipment
2. In the last sentence of the first paragraph, the word "lists" could best be replaced by ____.
A. any questions
B. any problems
C. questions from textbooks
D. any number of questions
3. In which of the following paragraph (s) does the author tell us what to say to encourage children in a
science discussion?
A. The second and third.
B. The fourth and fifth.
C. The fifth and sixth.
D. The seventh.
4. The author mentions all of the following techniques for adults to share with their children's curiosity except
that adults should ____.
A. tell their children stories instead of reciting (背诵) facts
B. offer their children chances to see things for themselves
C. be patient enough when their children answer questions
D. encourage their children to ask questions of their own