阅读下面的文字,完成小题。 世界上最早出现律师行当的地方或许是中国。据《吕氏春秋

题型:阅读理解与欣赏

问题:

阅读下面的文字,完成小题。

世界上最早出现律师行当的地方或许是中国。据《吕氏春秋》一书说,春秋早期,郑国就有个叫邓析的人,专门帮人打官司,小案子要人一件衣服,大案子要人一条裤子作为报酬,教人“以非为是,以是为非”,委托人想打赢官司他就有办法让他赢,想让人罪名成立他也有办法使人身败名裂。弄得郑国“是非无度”,郑国的执政大夫子产于是就把邓析杀了。

中国律师出现虽早,可是被禁止的时间也早。儒家以为争讼是件不值得提倡的事,像邓析这样教导人们如何去打官司,为蝇头小利争论不休,是毒化人们的善良天性,必须要予以严惩。后世的统治者继续着这一思路,把这一行当称之为“讼师”,或者叫做“讼棍”,立法严禁。秦汉律严格规定,凡是诉讼活动都必须当事人自行进行诉讼活动,不得有代理人代为办理。除了妇女、老幼、现任或退休官员及士大夫,可以由家人代为出庭应诉,其他人一律都要亲自出庭。

除了直接替人诉讼外,向人传授诉讼的知识更被视为大罪,南宋绍兴十三年敕规定:凡是聚集生徒教授辞讼文书者,处杖一百。并允许告发。再犯者,不得因大赦减免刑罚,一律要“邻州编管”。从学者,各处杖八十。明清律撰写“构讼之书”者,要比照“淫词小说例,杖一百流三千里”,如果是为人写作诉状没有增减情节,真实反映事实的,才是被允许的。

尽管法律如此严禁,可是民间诉讼活动总是需要有人帮助,所以这一行当还是禁止不了的,官府的禁令只不过是把这个行当变成了一种“地下行业”而已。在民间从事诉讼指导的讼师,有不少人是正直的人士,尽力为委托人服务,“受人钱财,与人消灾”,为人们提供必要的法律诉讼知识,颇有点近代律师的作用,不能一概都斥为“讼棍”。不过就总体上来说,讼师的素质确实不高。大多数讼师确实是兴风作浪,惟恐天下不乱的无赖。很多人不顾事实、法律,一味翻云覆雨,颠倒黑白。

由于讼师的名声太臭,到了近代,为了引进西方的法律,在翻译西文中lawyer一词,学者们还是动了脑筋的。日本当初引进西方法律时,把律师翻译为“代言人”,后来又改为“辩护士”。这个译法没有被中国的学者沿用。就想出了“律师”这个词。成书于1879年的薛福成《筹洋刍议》,大概是最早采用“律师”一词的。以后律师一词被普遍接受。民国成立后的不久就公布了第一部律师法律,这样在历史上第一个开业律师被杀两千五百多年后,中国才有了正式的律师。       

——(摘自《豸的投影》,上海三联书店)

小题1:下列有关“律师”的解说,不恰当的一项是( )

A.邓析是我国历史上有文字记载的最早的专门帮人打官司的专业“律师”。

B.律师是替人们进行诉讼活动的,古代把从事诉讼活动的人称之为“讼师”, 或者叫做“讼棍”。

C.“律师”一词是由西文lawyer一词翻译而来的,翻译时故意避开了“讼师”这个恶名称。

D.薛福成《筹洋刍议》最早采用“律师”一词,以后“律师”一词被普遍使用。小题2:下列表述不能说明“讼师”在我们古代遭歧视的原因的一项是( )

A.邓析这个我国历史上第一个从事从事诉讼活动的人,为了获得报酬混淆是非,弄得郑国“是非无度”。

B.由于受儒家的影响,后世的统治者认为争讼只是为了为蝇头小利,毒化了人们的善良天性。

C.讼师的行业是一种“地下行业”,我国古代法律上严令禁止专业性的“讼师”的存在。

D.讼师的素质总体上不高,大多数讼师确实是兴风作浪,惟恐天下不乱的无赖。很多人不顾事实、法律,一味翻云覆雨,颠倒黑白。小题3:下列表述,不符合原文意思的一项是( )

A.秦汉律虽然规定可以让家人为妇女、老幼、现任或退休官员及士大夫代为出庭应诉,但不允许专业讼师代理应诉。

B.明清律虽规定严禁写“构讼之书”,但允许替人写真实反映事实的诉状,说明此时已经允许讼师公开存在。

C.古代民间不少讼师不能一概认定为“讼棍”,他们为了生活,“受人钱财,与人消灾”,帮助不少需要帮助的人。

D.讼师这个行业在我国古代的漫长时期都戴着恶名,到了近代才为其正名,成为一种正式的行业而存在。

考点:现代文阅读
题型:阅读理解与欣赏

在微机中3.5英寸软盘的滑动块移动露出写保护口时,该盘()。

A、只能读,不能写

B、只能写,不能读

C、既能写又能读

D、不起任何作用

题型:阅读理解与欣赏

下列文学作品、作家及体裁对应有错误的一项是[ ]

A.《高老头》--雨果 --小说

B.《窦娥冤》--关汉卿--戏剧

C.《荷塘月色》--朱自清--散文

D.《琵琶行》--白居易--诗歌

题型:阅读理解与欣赏

某厂根据负荷发展需要,拟新建一座110/10kV变电站,用于厂区内10kV负荷的供电,变电站基本情况如下:

(1)电源取自地区110kV电网(无限大电源容量)。

(2)主变采用两台容量为31.5MVA三相双绕组自冷有载调压变压器,户外布置,变压器高、低压侧均采用架空套管进线。

(3)每台变压器低压侧配置2组10kV并联电容器,每组电容器2400kvar时;采用单星形接线,配12%干式空心电抗器,选用无重燃的真空断路器进行投切。

(4)110kV设备采用GIS户外布置,10kV设备采用中置柜户内双列布置。

(5)变电站接地网水平接地极采用F20热镀锌圆钢,垂直接地极采用50m×50m×5m热镀锌角钢;接地网埋深0.8m,按下图敷设。

请回答下列问题:

变电站场地均匀土壤电阻率为50Ω·m,则本站复合接地网的接地电阻为()。(要求精确计算,小数点后面保留4位)

A.0.5886Ω

B.0.5826Ω

C.0.4741Ω

D.0.4692Ω

题型:阅读理解与欣赏
任务型阅读。请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。
注意:每空格1个单词。
     When Carla Fisher and her husband announced plans to travel the globe with their young daughters for
a year, some friends called them crazy.
     Seven years later, with wonderful memories and a book documenting their world travel, the Fishers now
seem like global trailblazers (先驱者).
     "It's really encouraging to hear that many other people want to educate their kids in that manner," said
Fisher.
     Some parents are trying to raise knowledgeable and open-minded "world citizens". Others want to give
their children the skills they'll need to compete globally.
     "There is a huge amount of interest in spending time abroad at all stages of life and increasingly, as a
family with children," said Maya Frost, author of "The New Global student…". She knows American families
in every corner of the globe who have made that choice. 
     "There's so much rnore to education than school," said Tessa Hill, who recently returned to her Houston-
area home, after driving her family across North and Central America and Europe in a motor home for 13
months. "World traveI is an education in people, cultures, language, travel skills, street smarts and in how
lucky we are to live in the United States."
     When Hill and her husband began considering extended global travel, their middle child, Charles,13, was
surprised. "My first reaction was well, are we really going to do this?'"
     Charles said. "But it did sound like great fun." Charles said missing his friends was the hardest part. He
stayed in touch via e-mail and made some new friends along the way, playing soccer with kids in France and
learning about rugby from youths in Ireland.
     "I'd definitely recommend this to other kids." Charles said. "It was such a great opportunity to see different
countries and learn geography a different way."
     To make re-entry smoother, most school officials prefer that families work out an educational plan before
they leave town.
     "It sounds out-of-date, but it really opens up your mind and your eyes to the world," said Robbin Goodman,
17, a senior student who spent his junior year skateboarding across Beijing, China, when he wasn't studying
Chinese history and other core subjects.
     Had he not already taken a school-sponsored spring break trip with his mom to China in 2007, Robbin said
he probably would not have been able to convince his parents to let him go alone for a year. "I knew I would
learn Chinese and all that, but my goal was to have a great time," Robbin said.
     "The biggest problem for those seriously considering.going abroad is dealing with those who are against
the idea," said Frost.
     "They gain the ability to take risks and to have confidence in themselves," said Liz Pearlstein, founder of
a global education consulting firm "When we came home from London, my daughter, who had been painfully
shy before we left, said 'Mom, now I know there's nothing I can't do. '"
     No one knows exactly how many American families are choosing the global education path, but global
education consultants say a growing number of parents are traveling for a year or more with their children.
                            Title: A real global 1.______: traveling abroad with kids for a year
                                              Travelers' experiences and feelings
Carla Fisher ● Courage is needed to take the 2.______ travel for there are different voices. 
● It is encouraging to hear more parents make such a similar 
   3.______. 
Tessa Hill and Charles ● World travel can help people learn more about cultures, languages 
   and travel skills, etc. 
● Charles made new friends along his way and 4.______ his friends back home.
Robbin Goodman● One-year 5.______ in China alone can serve the purpose of
   having a good time.
Liz Pearlstein ● World travel 6.______ kids to take risks and build up confidence 
   in themselves.
● World travel 6.______ kids to take risks and build up confidence in themselves.
Maya Frost          ● There is an 7.______ number of family traveling abroad with 
    kids. Parents should take it into consideration how to deal with the
    opposite idea.
School officials ● Parents had better help kids work out educational plans to make it 
   8.______ for them to return to school.
                                                                    9.______
Generally, more families in the USA 10.______ to travel abroad with kids for a year or more.
题型:阅读理解与欣赏

以下不是瑞士的主要语言为()。

A.瑞士语

B.德语

C.法语

D.意大利语

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