阅读理解。
The world economy has run into a brick wall. Despite countless warnings in recent years about the need
to address a potential hunger crisis in poor countries and an energy crisis worldwide, world leaders failed to
think ahead. The result is a global food crisis. Wheat, corn and rice prices have more than doubled in the past
two years. And oil prices have increased more than three times since the start of 2004. These food-price
increases, combined with increasing energy costs, will slow if not stop economic growth in many parts of the
world and will even affect political stability. Practical solutions to these problems do exist, but we'll have to
start thinking ahead and acting globally.
Here are three steps to ease the current food crisis and avoid the potential for a global crisis. The first is to
promote the dramatic success of Malawi, a country in southern Africa, which three years ago established a
special fund to help its farmers get fertilizer and seeds with high productivity. Malawi's harvest doubled after
just one year. An international fund based on the Malawi model would cost a mere $10 per person annually in
the rich world, or S10 billion altogether.
Second, the U.S. and Europe should abandon their policies of paying partly for the change of food into
biofuels. The U.S. government gives farmers a taxpayer-financed payment of 51 cents per gallon of ethanol
(乙醇) changed from corn. There may be a case for biofuels produced on lands that do not produce foods-tree
crops, grasses and wood products-but there's no case for the government to pay to put the world's dinner into
the gas tank.
Third, we urgently need to weather-proof die world's crops as soon and as effectively as possible. For a
poor farmer, sometimes something as simple as a farm pond-which collects rainwater to be used in dry weather-
can make the difference between a good harvest and a bad one. The world has already committed to
establishing a Climate Adaptation hind to help poor regions climate-proof vital economic activities such as food
production and health care but has not yet acted upon the promise.
1. An international fund based on the Malawi model would ______.
A. cost each of the developed countries $10 billion per year
B. aim to double the harvest in southern African countries in a year
C. decrease the food prices as well as the energy prices
D. give poor farmers access to fertilizer and highly productive seeds
2. With the second step, the author expresses the idea that ______.
A. it is not wise to change food crops into gas
B. it is misleading to put tree crops into the gas tank
C. we should get alternative forms of fuel in any way
D. biofuels should be developed on a large scale
3. Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A. A rain-collecting pond is a simple safeguard against dry weal.
B. A Climate Adaptation Fund has been established to help poor.
C. The world has made a serious promise to build farm ponds.
D. It makes a great difference whether we develop wood products or not.
4. In the passage, the author calls on us to ______.
A. slow down but not to stop economic
B. develop tree crops, grasses and wood products
C. achieve economic growth and political stability
D. act now so as to relieve the global food shortage